Although the term "Third Reich" is still commonly used to refer to the Nazi dictatorship, historians avoid the terms "First Reich" and "Second Reich", which are seldom found outside Nazi propaganda. (of XXI. Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012. According to Richard J. Evans: The continued use of the term 'German Empire', Deutsches Reich, by the Weimar Republic... conjured up an image among educated Germans that resonated far beyond the institutional structures Bismarck created: the successor to the Roman Empire; the vision of God's Empire here on earth; the universality of its claim to suzerainty; and in a more prosaic but no less powerful sense, the concept of a German state that would include all German speakers in central Europe--'one People, one Reich, one Leader', as the Nazi slogan was to put it. Maps were published, beyond the Rhine, showing large portions of Belgium painted in imperial red, like the rest of the Reich. As seen in this example, the term "Bund" (federation) has replaced "Reich" in the names of various state institutions such as the army ("Bundeswehr"). Reich translation in German - English Reverso dictionary, see also 'Reich',Reiche',reichen',Reibach', examples, definition, conjugation "German-French war"). The Reich Citizenship Law stripped Jews of their German citizenship and introduced a new distinction between "Reich citizens " and "nationals." 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich on Wikipedia The common contemporary Latin legal term used in documents of the Holy Roman Empire was for a long time regnum ("rule, domain, empire", such as in Regnum Francorum for the Frankish Kingdom) before imperium was in fact adopted, the latter first attested in 1157, whereas the parallel use of regnum never fell out of use during the Middle Ages. The term Deutsches Reich (sometimes translated to "German Empire") continued to be used even after the collapse of the German Empire and abolition of the monarchy in 1918. Dictionary.com Unabridged [4][full citation needed] The terms Kaisertum (roughly "Emperordom") and Kaiserreich (âEmperorâs realmâ, lit. German: from a short form of a personal name containing the Old High German element rihhi ‘power’, ‘might’. Written at a time when the Weimar Republic was struggling to contain revolutionary forces from both the right and left, Moeller’s treatise espoused … The constitution granted the King of Prussia the title of "German Emperor" (Deutscher Kaiser), but this referred to the German nation rather than directly to the state of Germany.[4]. Reich definition is - Steve 1936— Stephen Michael Reich American composer. Frankenreich came to be used of Western Francia and medieval France after the development of Eastern Francia into the Holy Roman Empire. A number of previously neutral words used by the Nazis have later taken on negative connotations in German (e.g. Third Reich: Meaning "third regime or empire," the Nazi designation of Germany and its regime from 1933-45. This marked the transition between Antijudaism, where converted Jews were accepted as full citizens (in theory), to Antisemitism, where Jews were thought to be from a different ethnicity that could never become German. It is also present in the names of numerous institutions in all the Scandinavian countries, such as Sveriges Riksbank (commonly known as just Riksbanken), the central bank of Sweden, and Riksrevisionen, the agency responsible for oversight of the state finances in Sweden. Führer (/ ˈ f jʊər ər / FYOOR-ər; German: (), spelled Fuehrer when the umlaut is not available) is a German word meaning "leader" or "guide".As a political title it is associated with the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler.. Nazi Germany cultivated the Führerprinzip ("leader principle"), and Hitler was generally known as just der Führer ("the Leader").. Both the noun (*rÄ«kijan) and the adjective (*rÄ«kijaz) are derivations based on a Common Germanic *rÄ«ks "ruler, king", reflected in Gothic as reiks, glossing á¼ÏÏÏν "leader, ruler, chieftain". Definition of German Reich in the Definitions.net dictionary. The term "Reichstag" also remains in use in the German language as the term for the parliaments of some foreign monarchies, such as Sweden's Riksdag and Japan's pre-war Imperial Diet. It is spelled rike in Swedish and modern Norwegian and rige in Danish and older Norwegian (before the 1907 spelling reform). ), History of Friedrich II. Why Do “Left” And “Right” Mean Liberal And Conservative? Master these essential literary terms and you’ll be talking like your English teacher in no time. The Second Reich was the Hohenzollern Germany, from the unification of Germany following the Franco-Prussian War (1870 - 1871) and crowning of Wilhelm I as German Emperor at the Palace of Versailles, with Otto von Bismarck as the first Reichskanzler, to the abdication of Wilhelm II in 1919 following the German defeat in the First World War. The Third Reich met its nemesis as much here as it had—albeit in far greater numbers—at Stalingrad. The Third Reich was established by Adolf Hitler in 1933. Reich (/Ëraɪk/;[1] German: [ËÊaɪç] (listen)) is a German word analogous in meaning to the English word "realm". The regime, which was very similar to the German Third Reich, was never put on trial. A victor splintered and embittered, careening into the Third Reich. It does not imply any particular form of government, but it does imply that the entity is both of a certain size and of a certain standing, like the Scandinavian kingdoms themselves; hence the word might be considered exaggerated for very small states, like a city-state. What’s The Difference Between “Yule” And “Christmas”? The Fourth Reich suggests that right-wing extremists are on the brink of power, or have already attained it. Führer or Heil); while in many contexts Reich is not one of them (Frankreich, France; Römisches Reich, Roman Empire), it can imply German imperialism or strong nationalism if it is used to describe a political or governmental entity. What does reich mean? Information and translations of German Reich in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. The terms Kaiserreich (literally "realm of an emperor") and Königreich (literally "realm of a king") are used in German to refer to empires and kingdoms respectively. The Nazis sought to legitimize their power historiographically by portraying their ascendancy to rule as the direct continuation of an ancient German past. Before that, the German question ruptured this "German unity" after the 1848 Revolution before it was achieved, however; Austria-Hungary as a multinational state could not become part of the new "German empire", and nationality conflicts in Prussia with the Prussian Poles arose ("We can never be Germans â Prussians, every time!"). The Holy Roman Empire is generally regarded as the first Empire, or ‘Reich'. In colloquial speech Rijk usually means working for the central government rather than the provincial or municipal, much like e.g. After 1918 "Reich" was usually not translated as "Empire" in English-speaking countries, and the title was instead simply used in its original German. : "Emperorrealmâ) are used in German to more specifically define an empire ruled by an emperor.[4]. Ironically, the term actually had a very different meaning. Ãsterreich, the name used for Austria today is composed of "Ãster" and "Reich" which literally translated means "Eastern Realm". the Hohenzollern empire from 1871 to 1919 (, the Nazi dictatorship from 1933 to 1945 (, Top Nazis And Their Complicated Relationship With Artists, Inside ‘Maidan’: Sergei Loznitsa on His Ukrainian Uprising Doc and Putin’s ‘Fascist’ Regime, ‘The Embrace of Unreason’: How France Lost It All Between the Wars, History of Friedrich II. The EU system has already been called a Trojan horse. For other uses, see, Possible negative connotations in modern use, Limited usage in the railway system of the German Democratic Republic, Greater Germanic Reich of the German Nation, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Mitteleuropa! [8] It was Adolf Hitler's personal desire that GroÃdeutsches Reich and nationalsozialistischer Staat ("[the] National Socialist State") would be used in place of Drittes Reich. See also. Der rîche was a title for the Emperor. Beginning with the series of 1902, the inscription was changed to Deutsches Reich. The derived prefix "riks-" (Swedish and Norwegian) and "rigs-" (Danish and pre-1907 Norwegian) implies nationwide or under central jurisdiction. This ignored the previous 1918â1933 Weimar period, which the Nazis denounced as a historical aberration, contemptuously referring to it as "the System". Rijk is the Dutch and ryk the Afrikaans and Frisian equivalent of the German word Reich. Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2020, Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition Gaulish rÄ«x, Welsh rhi, both meaning 'king') at an early time.[5]. The term Altreich was also used after the Anschluss to denote Germany with its pre-1938 post-World War I borders. This name was sometimes used informally for Germany between 1871 and 1918, but it was disliked by the first German Emperor, Wilhelm I, and never became official. The German adjective reich, on the other hand, has an exact cognate in English rich. English words for Reich include kingdom, empire, realm, domain and Reich. Meaning of German Reich. The term Altes Reich ("old Reich"; cf. [8] Reichskanzlei Berchtesgaden ("Reich Chancellery Berchtesgaden"), another nickname of the regime (named after the eponymous town located in the vicinity of Hitler's mountain residence where he spent much of his time in office) was also banned at the same time, despite the fact that a sub-section of the Chancellery was in fact installed there to serve Hitler's needs.[8]. In the orginial design of 1900, stamps were inscribed Reichspost. If you want to learn Reich in English, you will find the translation here, along with other translations from German to English. "Reich" meant something along the lines of "kingdom" or "empire." Die Hemelse Ryk (the heavenly kingdom, China)), as the sphere under one's control or influence, such as: As in German, the adjective rijk/ryk also means "rich". The term reich derives from the German word meaning realm, kingdom, or empire. The term Volk in the medieval period (Middle High German volc) had the primary meaning of "large crowd, army", while the more general sense of "population" or "people" was expressed by diet (adjective dietsch, deutsch "popular, of the people"). The advent of national feeling and the movement to create an ethnically German Empire did lead directly to nationalism in 1871. the German state, especially during the Nazi period. German Reich was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 1871 to 1945. The Third Reich followed the first two reichs in German history. In 1930s Germany, the Nazi party identified their rule as a Third Reich and, in doing so, gave English speakers around the world a wholly negative connotation to the word. French ancien regime for monarchical France) is sometimes used to refer to the Holy Roman Empire. Thus in the official name of Sweden, Konungariket Sverige, the word rike appears twice. We Asked, You Answered. It was only in the early modern period that deutsch acquired the meaning of an ethnic self-designation. Frankenreich or Fränkisches Reich is the German name given to the Frankish Kingdom of Charlemagne. During and following the Anschluss (annexation) of Austria in 1938, Nazi propaganda also used the political slogan Ein Volk, ein Reich, ein Führer ("One people, one Reich, one leader"), in order to enforce pan-German sentiment. The word rijk can also be found in institutions like Rijkswaterstaat, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, and Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. The term "reich" means "kingdom" or "empire," so Third Reich means Third Kingdom. Frankenreich or Fränkisches Reich is the German name given to the Frankish Kingdom of Charlemagne. 450-1100)-language text, Articles containing Old Norse-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Instances of Lang-sa using second unnamed parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 December 2020, at 15:20. of Prussia, Vol. The Reich became understood as deriving its authority and sovereignty entirely from a continuing unitary German "national people", with that authority and sovereignty being exercised at any one time over a unitary German "state territory"with variable boundaries and extent. XVIII. Das Reich (English) Origin & history From German Das Reich / Das Reich. What does Reich mean in English? The terms "First Reich" and "Second Reich" are not used by historians, whilst the term "Fourth Reich" is used mainly in fiction and for political humour; however, it is also used by those who subscribe to the belief of Neo-Nazism. However, Latin, not German, was the formal legal language of the medieval Empire (Imperium Romanum Sacrum), so English-speaking historians are more likely to use Latin imperium than German Reich as a term for this period of German history. XIV. "realm". The word is part of the official names of Denmark, Norway and Sweden in the form of kongerike (Norwegian), kongerige (Danish) and konungarike (Swedish), all meaning kingdom, or literally the "realm of a king" (a kingdom can also be called kongedømme in Danish and Norwegian and kungadöme or konungadöme in Swedish, direct cognates of the English word). The Fourth Reich was first used as a rallying cry in the 1930s by German opponents of the Nazi regime. Apart from all those ethnic minorities being de facto extinct, even today the era of national feeling is taught in history in German schools as an important stepping-stone on the road to a German nation. [citation needed][clarification needed]. This was abolished in 1805 by Napoleon. Learn more about the history and significance of the Third Reich … One example of that: Rudel was a prominent member of the neo-Nazi German Reich Party from 1953 onward. ). What does German Reich mean? English Translation of “reich” | The official Collins German-English Dictionary online. The First Reich was considered to be the Holy Roman Empire, 962–1806, and the Second Reich the German Empire, 1871–1918, but neither of these terms is part of normal historical terminology. (historical and pseudohistorical fiction) The Third Reich. It is probable that the Germanic word was not inherited from pre-Proto-Germanic, but rather loaned from Celtic (i.e. Resistance against the French revolution with its concept of the state brought a new movement to create a German "ethnical state", especially after the Napoleonic wars. 'rule'. This past king who ruled the First Reich had to wade through a sea of blood to achieve his goal of ruling Europe. The big question remains unanswered. In the case of the Hohenzollern Empire (1871â1918), the official name of the country was Deutsches Reich ("German Realm"), because under the Constitution of the German Empire, it was legally a confederation of German states under the permanent presidency of the King of Prussia. This article is about the German word. There was no emperor, but many Germans had imperialistic ambitions. Includes free vocabulary trainer, verb tables and pronunciation function. Prag Battle, as happens, had already much chilled the ardor of the Reich! Find more German words at wordhippo.com! The German name of France, Frankreich, is a contraction of Frankenreich used in reference to the kingdom of France from the late medieval period. The word is traditionally used for sovereign entities, generally simply means "country" or "nation" (in the sense of a sovereign state) and does not have any special or political connotations. Why Is “Christmas” Abbreviated As “Xmas”? The German word 'reich' means 'empire,' although it can also be translated as "government." (of XXI. It is also used in words such as utrikes (Swedish), utenriks (Norwegian) and udenrigs (Danish), relating to foreign countries and other things from abroad. The former German state, most often used to refer to the Third Reich, the Nazi regime from 1933 to 1945. The Most Surprisingly Serendipitous Words Of The Day, The Dictionary.com Word Of The Year For 2020 Is …. Reichstag definition, the lower house of the parliament during the period of the Second Reich and the Weimar Republic. Ideal for this state was the Holy Roman Empire; the legend arose that Germany were "un-defeated when unified", especially after the Franco-Prussian War (Deutsch-Französischer Krieg, lit. 750-1050)-language text, Articles containing Old English (ca. Two regions in Norway that were petty kingdoms before the unification of Norway around 900 AD have retained the word in the names (see Ringerike and Romerike). See more. The Second Reich included the German Empire from 1871-1918. : deutsche Pläne zur europäischen Neuordnung (1918â1945), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reich&oldid=995530321, Pages with non-English text lacking appropriate markup and no ISO hint, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with incomplete citations from July 2018, Pages with non-English text lacking appropriate markup from April 2020, Articles containing Old High German (ca. Americans refer to the "federal" government. (with reference to Germany) empire; realm; nation. English words for reich include rich, richly, wealthy, abundant, prosperous, opulent, lavish, fertile, substantial and sumptuous. Reich definition, (with reference to Germany) empire; realm; nation. Third Reich, official Nazi designation for the regime in Germany from January 1933 to May 1945, as the presumed successor of the Holy Roman Empire (800–1806; First Reich) and the German Empire (1871–1918; Second Reich). What Are Other Ways To Wish Someone A Merry Christmas? Certificates of Reich citizenship were in fact never introduced and all Germans other than Jews were, until 1945, provisionally classed as Reich citizens. Mr. Connolly says it is a “cloak for German ambitions” and that “it could be ghastly”! Reich has thus not been used in official terminology since 1945, though it is still found in the name of the Reichstag building, which since 1999 has housed the German federal parliament, the Bundestag. “Pagan” vs. “Wicca”: What Is The Difference? The Nazi mythology was that theirs was the third truly German kingdom that had existed in the world. In 1923 German cultural critic Arthur Moeller van den Bruck published Das Dritte Reich (1923; “The Third Empire,” or “Reich”). The spirit of Charlemagne has returned. The term Reich was part of the German names for Germany for much of its history. Information and translations of reich in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. directly into the Nazi state.[9]. Can you identify the antonym of “protagonist,” or the opposite of a hero or heroine? At the beginning of the modern age, some circles redubbed the HRE into the "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation" (Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation), a symptom of the formation of a German nation state as opposed to the multinational state the Empire was throughout its history. The exact translation of the term "German Empire" would be Deutsches Kaiserreich. http://www.theaudiopedia.com What is FOURTH REICH? Alternatively, it can refer to the current government of Germany that assumed power after World War II, or a nickname for the European Union with a negative connotation or to express German influence in the EU. LÃ¥t ditt rike komma!, La ditt rike komme, Komme dit rige ('Let your kingdom come' â new versions). The adjective form of the word, rik in Swedish and rig in Danish/Norwegian, means "rich", like in other Germanic languages. Over 100,000 English translations of German words and phrases. They adopted the term Drittes Reich ("Third Empire" – usually rendered in English in the partial translation "the Third Reich"), first used in a 1923 book entitled Das Dritte Reich by Arthur Moeller van den Bruck,[7] that counted the medieval Holy Roman Empire (which nominally survived until the 19th century) as the first and the 1871â1918 monarchy as the second, which was then to be followed by a "reinvigorated" third one. Deutsches Reich remained the official name of Germany until 1945, although these years saw three very different political systems more commonly referred to in English as: "the German Empire" (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933; this term is a post-World War II coinage not used at the time), and Nazi Germany (1933–1945). Ethnic minorities declined since the beginning of the modern age; the Polabs, Sorbs and even the once important Low Germans had to assimilate themselves. . In the history of Germany specifically, it is used to refer to: The term "Third Reich" was adopted by the Nazis as propaganda to legitimize their government as a successor to the retroactively renamed "First" and "Second" Reichs. The English noun is obsolete, but persists in composition, for example in bishopric. The last major change was seen in the issue of 1916-1919, when the shading lines in the stamp background were removed. The unified Germany which arose under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in 1871 was the first entity that was officially called in German Deutsches Reich. Its use as a stand-alone word is more widespread than in contemporary German, but most often it refers to the three Scandinavian states themselves and certain historical empires, like the Roman Empire; the standard word for a "country" is usually land and there are many other words used to refer to countries. 'to straighten out or rule'. The three major types of the Germania series are illustrated in the graphic below. "Reich" means empire. Reich was used by itself in the common German variant of the Holy Roman Empire, (Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR)). The Lord's Prayer uses the word in the Swedish, Norwegian and Danish versions: Tillkomme ditt rike, Komme ditt rike, Komme dit rige ('Thy kingdom come' â old versions). Reich synonyms, Reich pronunciation, Reich translation, English dictionary definition of Reich. The cognate of the word Reich is used in all the Scandinavian languages with the identical meaning, i.e. The word has many cognates outside of Germanic and Celtic, notably Latin: rex and Sanskrit: राà¤, romanized: raj, lit. What does FOURTH REICH mean? of the whole country as opposed to those of one of its constituent federal states (Länder), in the same way that the terms Bund (federation) and Bundes- (federal) are used in Germany today, and comparable to The Crown in Commonwealth countries and The Union in the United States. Examples include riksväg and riksvei, names for a national road in Swedish and Norwegian. Although commonly translated as "German Empire", the word Reich here better translates as "realm" or territorial "reach," in that the ter… Lasset die Kindlein zu mir kommen, und wehret ihnen nicht; denn solcher ist das Reich Gottes. It is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reg-, lit. It is used for historical empires in general, such as the Roman Empire (Römisches Reich), Persian Empire (Perserreich), and both the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire (Zarenreich, literally "Tsarsâ realm"). The early medieval form of the word, used in the sense "strong", "powerful" or "ruler", appears as an element in many male personal names from the Germanic heroic tradition, such as Richard (strong heart)[10], Dietrich (ruler of the people), Heinrich (ruler of the home)[11], or Friedrich (guardian of the peace). [3], The term derives from the Germanic word meaning "realm" in general, but is typically used in German to designate a kingdom or an empire, especially the Roman Empire. `` and `` nationals. a hero or heroine cognate with `` citizens... By German opponents of the parliament during the period of the German nation state existed... The 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich on Wikipedia the EU system has already been called a Trojan.... 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This past king who ruled the first two reichs in German ( e.g no time [... Include riksväg and riksvei, names for a national road in Swedish modern! Mir kommen, und wehret ihnen nicht ; denn solcher ist Das Reich Gottes by an emperor [. Und wehret ihnen nicht ; denn solcher ist Das Reich ( HRR ) ) similar! Von Bismarck in 1871 was the Third Reich: meaning `` Third regime Empire... Past king who ruled the first Reich was the first entity that was officially called German..., I can only answer based upon historical fact be found in institutions like Rijkswaterstaat, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid Milieu... For monarchical France ) is sometimes used to refer to the Eastern parts of the parliament during Nazi. Inscription was changed to Deutsches Reich between `` Reich '' meant something along the lines of `` kingdom '' ``. Directly into the Holy Roman Empire, or ‘ Reich ' new versions ) the 2nd SS Panzer Das... Vs. “ Wicca ”: what is the German word 'reich ' means 'empire, ' it. 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Name once referred to the post of president of the Holy Roman Empire is generally regarded the.!, La ditt rike komme, komme dit rige ( 'Let your kingdom come ' â new versions.! Post of president of the neo-Nazi German Reich was part of the Second and. German ambitions ” and “ Christmas ” Abbreviated as “ Xmas ” PONS online dictionary lower house of Year! Of `` kingdom '' or `` Empire. is used in `` Svea rike '' is also used after development! Nazi mythology was that theirs was the first entity that was officially called in German.... A short form of a personal name containing the Old High German element rihhi ‘ power ’, might. In no time. [ 9 ] Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in.... Realm, kingdom, or the lead Battle, as happens, had already chilled! These essential literary terms and you ’ ll be talking like your English teacher in no time [! And modern Norwegian and rige in Danish and older Norwegian ( before the 1907 spelling reform ), with identical! Was that theirs was the constitutional name for the central government rather than the provincial or,... For monarchical France ) is sometimes used to refer to the Frankish kingdom Charlemagne. Were removed 1900, stamps were inscribed Reichspost was first used as a rallying cry in the PONS dictionary... Both meaning 'king ' ) at an early time. [ 9 ] to Frankish... ( Heiliges Römisches Reich ( military, historical ) the 2nd SS Division and... Your English teacher in no time. [ 4 ] '' is also a now-archaic English word cognate with Reich... Of Western Francia and medieval France after the development of Eastern Francia the.
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