By mid-1943, Luftflotte 1 was given four Staffeln while Luftflotte 4 and Luftwaffe Kommando Ost (Luftwaffe Command East) were given six and two respectively. That afternoon, 33 Ju 87s delivered the single most deadly air assault on British territory in history, when 33 Ju 87s of III./StG 51, avoiding Royal Air Force (RAF) interception, sank the 5,500 ton anti-aircraft ship HMS Foylebank in Portland Harbour, killing 176 of its 298 crew. Early on, it was fitted with a wind-driven siren that uttered a banshee scream at maximum dive speed. The automatic pull-out was not liked by all pilots. The Battle of Stalingrad marked the high point in the fortunes of the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka. Amongst the Luftwaffe contingent deployed was the Geschwaderstab StG 3, which touched down in Sicily in December 1940. It first flew on 17 March and was designated Ju 87 C-1. An estimated 6,500 Ju 87s of all versions were built between 1936 and August 1944. When the United States Army occupied the Junkers factory at Dessau on 21 April 1945, they were impressed and interested in the medical flight tests with the Ju 87. [48] To prevent overload conditions, bomb carrying ability was often restricted to a single 250 kg (550 lb) bomb if the aircraft was fully loaded with fuel. Fliegerkorps under the command of General der Flieger Wolfram von Richthofen was equipped with units Stab, II. [146], Losses were considerable, however. The Ju 87s ventured out in Rotte strength only, often jettisoning their bombs at the first sight of enemy aircraft. [119] As the Battle of Crete drew to a close, the Allies began yet another withdrawal. In June 1941, the RLM ordered five prototypes, the Ju 87 V21–25. BROWSE NOW >>> Parts that were required to be of strong construction, such as the wing flaps, were made of Pantal and its components made of Elektron. This new technology, along with special clothing and oxygen masks, was researched and tested. Furthermore, it could not be effectively protected by fighters because of its low speed, and the very low altitudes at which it ended its dive bomb attacks. The Ju 87 D-5 was based on the D-3 design and was unique in the Ju 87 series as it had wings 0.6 metres (1 foot) longer than previous variants. Stepp also noted that the aircraft was also less agile than the existing D variants. Tests showed the average braking distance was 20–35 metres (65–115 feet). Edited by DONTOR, 05 August 2014 - 01:39 PM. [1], Ernst Udet; the greatest proponent of the dive-bomber and the Ju 87 (Photo 1928), After the Nazis came to power, the design was given priority. The campaign was not the classic Blitzkrieg of fast-moving armoured divisions supported by air-power as the mountainous terrain ruled out close Panzer/Stuka cooperation. With the G variant, the aging airframe of the Ju 87 found new life as an anti-tank aircraft. On 15 November 1942, the Auxiliary Staffel were created. The aircraft was secretly loaded onto the ship Usaramo and departed Hamburg harbor on the night of 1 August 1936, arriving in Cadiz five days later. [63] [3] Nevertheless, development continued at Junkers. Udet began his dive at 1,000 m (3,280 ft) and released his 1 kg (2 lb) bombs at 100 m (330 ft), barely recovering and pulling out of the dive. [137], At the end of Barbarossa, StG 1 had lost 60 Stukas in aerial combat and one on the ground. This was an important consideration as the life expectancy of a Ju 87 had been reduced (since 1941) from 9.5 months to 5.5 months to just 100 operational flying hours. Once again, Hitler decided to send military aid to his ally. It is unclear whether the idea originated from Adolf Hitler himself, or if the intimidation tactic was a brainchild of the notable flying ace and innovator, Ernst Udet, who was in charge of the Luftwaffe research and development office. This is a comparison between Stuka Siren in Dunkirk and Original Stuka Siren from WW2 (Ju 87). The 105 R-1s were converted to R-2 status and a further 616 production R-2s were ordered. It was decided to keep the design as it was, but to upgrade the powerplant to a Jumo 211J, and add two 30 mm (1.18 in) cannon. General der Schlachtflieger (General of Close-Support Aviation) Ernst Kupfer decided continued development would "hardly bring any further tactical value". The Soviet offensive had been completely halted from the air. In this position, Junkers concluded that ⅔ of pilots could withstand 8 g and perhaps 9 g for three to five seconds without vision defects which, under war conditions, was acceptable. [84], All Stuka units were moved to Germany's eastern border in preparation for the invasion of Poland. Probably the most iconic German aircraft during WWII, the Stuka dive bomber became the symbol of a string of successful campaigns in the early stages of the war. [92] The French large destroyer Bison was sunk along with HMS Afridi by Sturzkampfgeschwader 1 on 3 May 1940 during the evacuation from Namsos. A furious Hitler ordered the attack to be expanded to include Yugoslavia. The Ju 87s first made their presence felt by subjecting the British aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious to heavy attack. The siren rang when the plane used to dive for the bombing. The two 7.92 mm MG 17 wing guns were exchanged for more powerful 20 mm MG 151/20s to better suit the aircraft's ground-attack role. The Junkers Ju 87 or Stuka had propeller-driven, mechanical sirens, also known as "Jericho trumpets", on the leading edges of the wings or on the housing of the fixed landing gear. The two propeller-driven sirens with a diameter of 0.7 m (2.3 ft) were fitted on the B-1 model of the Ju 87, which was the first version of Stuka that went into mass production. Other early additions included the installation of hydraulic dive brakes that were fitted under the leading edge and could rotate 90°.[11]. Junkers Ju-87 or Stuka dive bomber equipped with the siren. By 1933, within months of taking power in Germany, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party were already planning out a war with France and … Because it was a propeller-driven siren, the Jericho Trumpet actually made the Stuka a less effective dive-bomber, slowing its air speed and making it an easier target to hit. [82], In January 1938, three Ju 87 As arrived. By 29 May, the Allies had lost 31 vessels sunk and 11 damaged. The gunner had only a single 7.92 mm (.312 ) MG 15, with 14 drums of ammunition, each containing 75 rounds. Free war/military audio sound effects download. I'm sure you know what I'm talking about. StG 1, 2 and 77 flew 320 sorties on 14 October 1942. 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