Multiple Choice Questions for Earthquakes - Chapter 16 Each chapter will include a few questions designed to test your knowledge of material covered in the chapter and in the Internet-based resources. Check all that apply. *The rock layers in the Earth’s crust are pulled apart, and gravity causes one section to move downward in relation to the other. Movement in narrow zones along plate boundaries causes most earthquakes. FAULTS 7. A fault plane is the plane that represents the fracture surface of a fault. HOW DO FAULTS PRODUCE QUAKES?? A fault is a break in the Earth’s crust along which significant movement has taken place. a. when rocks along a fault suddenly when two big vehicles collide move b. when a building collapse near the d. when great flood occur river bank 3. Help the community by sharing what you know. Where the crust is being pulled apart, normal faulting occurs, in which the overlying (hanging-wall) block moves down with respect to the lower (foot wall) block. NORMAL FAULT 11. The movement along a fault may be rotational, with the offset blocks rotating relative to one another. Most, if not all, earthquakes are caused by rapid slip along faults. D.) Fault forms when there is sudden shaking of the ground rock masses that suddenly shift in position. Shoneitszeliapink. However, forces keep driving the rocks to move. Then, Moment Magnitude (M … FAULTS 8. The amount of damage increases as magnitude decreases. Answering questions also helps you learn! The fault surface can be horizontal or vertical or some arbitrary angle in between. Put a toy house on the box with the rubber band. Slip is the distance rocks move along a fault. Tectonic hazards can destroy buildings, infrastructure and cause deaths. -- forms as a result of compression. A collection of Javascript utilities to be incorporated into scientific courseware. How do we study faults? Explain to students that when an earthquake occurs and movement begins on a fault plane, the movement will not proceed smoothly away from the focus. Which statements describe the damage that results from earthquakes? They are caused by the movement of tectonic plates. Materials: Two small boxes masking tape toy house Rubber band paper clip Procedures: 1. Then paste lightly the two boxes together. B.) Carrizo Plain National Monument along the San Andreas fault. 5. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions affect people all over the world. It is an occasion within the Earth s crusi along which significant movement has taken place dip C epicenter b. faut d focus 2. The movement of these blocks of crust is called a 'fault'. Scientists Explain Geology of Haiti Earthquake Science . Attach the rubber band to the paper clip. Slip is relative, because there is usually no way to know whether both sides moved or only one. There are four types of plate boundaries: Divergent boundaries -- where new crust is generated as the plates pull away from each other. Most seismic activity occurs at three types of plate boundaries—divergent, convergent, and transform. A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. Friction is eventually overcome and the plates slip past in a sudden movement. It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and its motion is right-lateral strike-slip (horizontal). Slip can be up or down the fault plane. As the plates move past each other, they sometimes get caught and pressure builds up. A new theory may solve the mystery of why the New Madrid fault, which lies in the middle of the continent and not along a tectonic plate boundary, produces large earthquakes such as … 9. When does an ea … rthquake occur? Most movement occurs along narrow zones between plates where the results of plate-tectonic forces are most evident. where rigidity is the strength of the rock along the fault, area is the area of the fault that slipped, and slip is the distance the fault moved. The last significant earthquake on the Southern California stretch of the San Andreas fault was in 1857, and there has not been a rupture of the fault along its southern end from San Bernardino to the Salton Sea since 1690. Any change in the amount of friction along the fault will cause the fault movement to be irregular. This occurs at the San Andreas Fault in California. what is the relationship between earthquakes and faults brainly Earthquakes generate a series of seismic waves which travel radiate through the Earth. THREE TYPES OF FAULTS 10. The formation of fault along the rocks that results to movement of the crust. Most faults produce repeated displacements over geologic 2. The energy released is an earthquake. Active faults are planes of weakness along which movement takes place. Attach the rubber band to the paper clip. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by John P. Rafferty, Editor. When one plate is forced to dive beneath another plate, there is no way to do it except with some component of vertical motion. Most faults produce repeated displacements over geologic time. This action builds up stress at the points where the rocks are stuck. Earthquakes occur on faults - strike-slip earthquakes occur on strike-slip faults, normal earthquakes occur on normal faults, and thrust earthquakes occur on thrust or reverse faults. Earthquakes that cause maximum damage are not common. Divergent boundaries have some, but not tons of vertical motion. Faults are easy to recognize as they cut across bedded rocks. 2. Explain why not all movements along faults produce earthquakes. Earthquake Prediction Programs •include laboratory and field studies of rocks before, during, and after earthquakes. It is then released catastrophically in one or more earthquakes. Biology; 5 points; Please explain to me the basic difference between Darwinism and Neo -Darwinism. The fault divides into three segments, each with different characteristics and a different degree of earthquake risk. Explain why not all movements along faults produce earthquakes. It is still storing energy for some future earthquake. )Which of the following statements best explain on how faults generate Earthquakes? Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions affect people all over the world. The stress causes the rocks to bend and change shape. Unlocking of terms: • Fault – is a break in the Earth’s crust, and along the break which movement has occurred. They are caused by the movement of tectonic plates. Place the boxes side by side. The fault … These waves travel in two forms- P-type or primary waves and S-type or secondary waves. A.) Types of movement of crustal blocks that can occur along faults during an earthquake: ©Redrawn from University of Otago (Richard Sibson) 1. Place the boxes side by side. The fault surface can be vertical, horizontal, or at some angle to the surface of the earth. 2. The shockwaves created produce an earthquake . Materials: Two small boxes masking tape toy house Rubber band paper clip Procedures: 1. Earthquakes at transform boundaries, like the San Andreas fault, involve hardly any vertical motion. Then attach the paper clip to one end of one box. Roman numerals are used to rank damage created by an earthquake. Faults may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. Several damaging earthquakes in California have occurred on faults that were previously unknown. Amount of damage can be used to determine intensity. Tectonic hazards can destroy buildings, infrastructure and cause deaths. A fault is a break in the earth's crust along which movement can take place causing an earthquake. Here’s all you need to know about the slip-strike earthquake: Earthquakes cause a fracture in the upper-most layer of the earth called the crust. The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers (750 mi) through California. Like all plate boundaries, the movement of crust along transform and strike-slip faults creates earthquakes. In Utah, movement along faults is mostly vertical; mountain blocks (for example, the Wasatch Range) move up relative to the downward movement of … Convergent boundaries are the big culprits. The Brainly community is constantly buzzing with the excitement of endless collaboration, proving that learning is more fun — and more effective — when we put our heads together. During an earthquake, the rock on one side of the fault suddenly slips with respect to the other. -- forms as a result of tension. Explain how faults generates earthquakes; and 2. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. Some faults have not shown these signs and we will not know they are there until they produce a large earthquake. Sudden motions along faults cause rocks to break and move suddenly. This fracture divides the crust into blocks which move relative to one another. A seismograph is an instrument which is used to detect and record the waves produces during an earthquake. A step in the fracture plane builds local stress and slows the movement. • Earthquake – vibration of Earth due to rapid release of energy • Plate – rigid section of the lithosphere that moves as a unit • Epicenter – the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake. When an earthquake occurs on one of these faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the other. Damage can be measured using the Richter scale. Then attach the paper clip to one end of one box. Movement of the two surfaces of rock against each other causes friction. Figure 11. Thus, stronger rock material, or a larger area, or more movement in an earthquake will all contribute to produce a larger magnitude. Jan 13, 2010 5:39 PM EST Tuesday’s magnitude 7.0 earthquake was the largest recorded in Haiti since 1770, but more than a … Earthquakes are caused by movement over an area of the plate interface called the seismogenic zone. Answers: 1 question Explain why not all movement along faults produces earthquakes - e-edukasyon.ph They are caused by the movement of tectonic plates. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions affect people all over the world. Scientists now have a fairly good understanding of how the plates move and how such movements relate to earthquake activity. Transform boundaries also form on larger scales on land like the San Andreas fault in Western North America and the Alpine fault in New Zealand. Put a toy house on the box with the rubber band. The high level of earthquake activity and the complexity of the fault systems in the area provides a unique natural laboratory for the study of the physics of earthquakes. How Movements along Faults Generate Earthquakes: As rocks move past each other along a fault, their rough surfaces catch, temporarily halting movement along the fault. Tectonic hazards can destroy buildings, infrastructure and cause deaths. … Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This zone ‘locks’ between earthquakes, such that stress builds up. Causes most earthquakes along transform and strike-slip faults creates earthquakes a different degree of risk! 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